The Manufacturing Process of Steel Shots: Casting and Forging (Part 1)

　　Steel shot manufacturing can be divided into two types based on the shot mill manufacturing process: casting and forging, but their wear resistance is different. Due to the crushing of materials, steel shots require good wear resistance and sufficient toughness. Usually, alloy steel, high manganese steel, cast iron with chromium iron and other materials are forged or cast in one go, and corresponding heat treatment processes are more economical. Ball mill steel shots can be divided into:

　　1. Forged steel shots: low-carbon alloy steel shots, medium carbon alloy steel shots, high manganese steel shots, rare earth chromium molybdenum alloy steel shots;

　　2. Cast steel shot: low chromium cast steel shot, medium chromium cast steel shot, high chromium cast steel shot

　　Which type of steel shot is the best on the market now? Now let's analyze:

　　1、 Forged steel shot:

　　Good surface quality, good impact resistance, strong toughness, good wear resistance, not easy to break and lose roundness. It is a processing method that heats the metal to a temperature of 700-1300 ℃, applies pressure to the metal billet using forging machinery, and causes plastic deformation to obtain forgings with certain mechanical properties, shapes, and sizes.

　　Forging (forging and stamping) is one of the two major components. Forging can eliminate defects such as casting porosity that occur during the smelting process of metals, optimize the microstructure, and at the same time, due to the preservation of intact metal flow lines, the mechanical properties of forgings are generally better than castings of the same material. In related machinery, important parts with high loads and severe working conditions are often forged, except for simple shaped plates, profiles, or welded parts that can be rolled.

　　In addition, the most wear-resistant materials must be selected for forging steel balls, such as 60Mn and 65Mn according to national standards, or the most wear-resistant alloy steel materials independently developed by some companies. It is recommended to use steel produced by national super large steel mills. The quality of the same material produced by different steel mills varies, and the quality of forgings depends on 80% of the quality of the material. For example, using high manganese steel has good impact resistance, strong toughness, good wear resistance, and is not easy to break.

　　Characteristics of forged steel balls:

　　(1) Forging heated metal materials into various shapes of tools, mechanical parts, or blanks is called forging. Forging can change the internal structure of metal materials, refine their grains, and improve their mechanical properties.

　　(2) Forging steel balls requires the use of heating equipment, forging equipment, and many auxiliary tools.

　　(3) Forging equipment mainly includes steam hammers, air hammers, die forging hammers, mechanical hammers, clamp hammers, spring hammers, belt hammers, crank presses, friction presses, presses, hole boring machines, roll forging machines, etc.